文法解析
本課介紹as作關係代名詞的用法, 並介紹"Just as..., so + 倒裝句"的用法
1.

And as we all know, the ancient architecture there is beathtaking.  
我們都知道, 那兒的古代建築令人驚嘆不已。

As you can imagine, after all the eating, drinking and chatting, they need to take a nap.

你可以想像得到, 在這番吃喝閒聊之後, 他們需要小睡片刻。

在上列句中, as作關係代名詞用, 分別代替句中"the ancient architecture there is breathtaking""after all the eating, drinking and chatting, they need to take a nap"這兩個主要子句。

as作關係代名詞時, 即等於which, 用以代替句中整個主要子句, as在其引導的形容詞子句中可作主詞或受詞。

He is a man of his word, as is known to all of us.

            主詞

  = He is a man of his word, as we all know.

           受詞

  = He is a man of his word, which is known to all of us.

  = He is a man of his word, which we all know.

  (他是個言而有信的人,這點我們都知道。)


注意
:

使用as取代which, 要注意下列要點:

a. as引導的形容詞子句可置於主要子句之前或之後, which引導的形容詞子句則只能置於主要子句之後。故上列例句亦可改為:

  As is known to all of us, he is a man of his word.

  = As we all know, he is a man of his word.

 

The sun rises in the east, which everybody knows.

      主要子句

   = The sun rises in the east, as everybody knows.

   = As everybody knows, the sun rises in the east.

 (太陽從東方升起,此事人人皆知。)

 但:Which everybody knows, the sun rises in the east. ()

 
b. as所引導的形容詞子句其句構為"as + be動詞 + 過去分詞", be動詞可以省略。

He is a man of his word, which was mentioned before.

   = He is a man of his word, as was mentioned before.

                  be動詞   過去分詞

   = He is a man of his word, as mentioned before.

 (如前如述,他是個言而有信的人。)

 

由上述可知, 本文亦可寫成:

   And the ancient architecture there is breathtaking,         as/which we all know.

   After all the eating, drinking and chatting, they need to      take a nap, as/which we can imagine.

2.

Just as we Chinese are proud of our history and culture, so are the Italians.

= Just as we Chinese are proud of our history and culture, so are the Italians proud of their history and culture.

就如同我們中國人對我們的歷史文化感到驕傲, 義大利人也是一樣。

 上列句中的Italians後本有與其前相同的詞類"proud of their history and culture", 為避免重覆, 故予以省略。

本句使用了"Just as..., so + 倒裝句" (就如同…一樣, ……也是……) 的句構, 其中的just為強調用法的副詞, 亦可予以省略。

so之後的句子要採倒裝句構, 倒裝原則如下:

a. 句中有be動詞時:

When you are at the beach, play safe. First, don't swim too far out.

(就像大部分的男人都懷有雄心大志,現在的婦女也是如此。)


b. 句中有助動詞時:

:Just as you will protect your children, so will I protect mine.

  (就像你會保護自己的子女一樣,我也是如此。)

 

c. 句中只有一般動詞時, 則按主詞人稱及動詞的時態作變化, 借用助動詞dodoesdid:

:Just as humans need love, so do dogs.

  (就像人類需要愛一樣,狗狗也是如此。)

 


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