文法解析
本課介紹"表示意願的及物動詞 (desireexpectwantchoose) + nothing but to + 原形動詞" (除了……外, 什麼都不……) 的用法, 以及"cannot help but + 原形動詞" (忍不住/禁不住……) 的用法, 另介紹instead的用法
1.

It follows, therefore, that most women desire nothing but to look beautiful.

因此, 大部分的女性只想要看起來漂亮, 這是有其道理的。

上列句中, 使用表示意願的動詞desirenothing but to接原形動詞 (look) 的用法。茲將此句型的造句法分析如下:

desire

expect

want

choose

nothing but to + 原形動詞


:He desired nothing but to sleep.

  (他什麼都不想,只想睡覺。)

解說:

第一步:

  句中but可視為對等連接詞, 連接對等的動詞desired, :

  He desired nothing but desired...

第二步:

  由於desireexpectwantchoose等均為表示意願的及物
  動詞
, 其後通常要用不定詞片語 (to + 原形動詞) 作受詞。

:He desired to sleep.

 (他想要睡覺。)

第三步:

  因此, He desired nothing but desired..., desired之後要
  接『
to + 原形動詞』, 即成:

He desired nothing but desired to sleep.

第四步:
  由於本句中第二個
desired與其前的desired為相同的字, 故第
  二個
desired可予以省略, 即成:

  He desired nothing but to sleep.

  同理, 本文中的:

  They are interested in nothing but their looks.

  =They are interested in nothing but (are interested in) their
  looks.

  她們除了自己的容貌外,什麼都不感興趣。

  本句中, but之後即省略了與其前相同的詞類are interested
  in

:I expect nothing but to be able to provide a decent living
  for my family.

 (我什麼都不想,只想能夠提供家人一個過得去的生活。)

 decent  a. 尚佳的, 還不錯的

 Being depressed, Ken wants nothing but to be left alone.

 (肯恩很沮喪,因此什麼都不想,只想獨處。)

 Fat Freddy enjoys nothing but eating.

 =Fat Freddy enjoys nothing but (enjoys) eating.

 (胖子弗萊迪除了喜歡吃以外什麼都不喜歡。)

 

注意:

do nothing but + 原形動詞  除了……以外, 什麼都不做

:He did nothing but play all day.

 (他整天除了玩以外,什麼都沒做。)

解說:

第一步:

  句中but可視為對等連接詞, 連接對等且形態相同的字did, :

  He did nothing but did...

第二步:

  我們知道dodoesdid在肯定句中, 可視為強調性的助動
 
, 之後要接原形動詞。

:未強調前:

  He studies hard.

  (他用功。)

  強調後:

  He does study hard.

  (他的確用功。)

  未強調前:

  He studied hard.

  強調後:

  He did study hard.

第三步:

  因此, He did nothing but did..., did之後要接原形動詞,
 
即成:

  He did nothing but did play all day.

第四步:

  對等連接詞but之後相同的字可予以省略。本句中第一個
  did
為及物動詞的過去式, 而第二個did則為強調性的助動詞,
 
雖性質不一, 但外形相同, 故第二個did可予以省略, 即成:

  He did nothing but play all day.

:Grandpa did nothing but watch TV all day.

  (爺爺整天除了看電視外,什麼都沒做。)

 

2.

That is why they cannot help but spend vast sums of money on cosmetics and fashionable clothing.

那就是為何她們會忍不住將大筆金錢花在化妝品和流行服飾上的原因。

上列句中, 使用了"cannot help but + 原形動詞" (忍不住/禁不住……) 的句型。

表『忍不住/禁不住……』的用法尚有下列:

cannot help but + 原形動詞  忍不住/禁不住……

=cannot help + 動名詞

=cannot but + 原形動詞注意:

 

a.在上列用法中, 以第一及第二句型較常見。

 

b.在第二句型中, help不譯成『幫助』, 而是等於resist (抗拒) avoid (避免) 的意思。故其後要接動名詞, 而不可接不定詞片語 (to + 原形動詞)

:Little Johnny couldn't help but take the cute stray dog
    home.

    =Little Johnny couldn't help taking the cute stray dog home.

    =Little Johnny couldn't but take the cute stray dog home.

    (小強尼禁不住將那隻可愛的流浪狗帶回家。)

      stray dog  流浪狗

    stray a. 迷路的, 走失的

 

3.

Instead, they should pay more attention to their character because when you have character, you have class.

相反地, 她們應該多注意她們的品格, 因為有了品格, 才會有水準。

instead adv. 相反地; () , 改以

注意:

instead單獨使用, 作副詞用, 表『相反地』 , 即等於on the contrary; instead亦可與介詞of並用, 其後接名詞或動名詞作受詞, 所形成的介詞片語作副詞用, 可置於句首或句尾, 表『 (非但) 不……() 而……』。

 

:Don't sleep all day. Instead, try to do something useful.

  =Don't sleep all day. On the contrary, try to do something
  useful.

  (別整天光是睡覺。相反地,設法做些有用的事情吧。)

 

  Since there are only four people here, let's play bridge
  instead.

  (既然這裡只有四個人,那咱們改打橋牌吧。)

 

  Instead of working, the salesman went home to sleep.

  =The salesman went home to sleep instead of working.

  (那個業務員非但不工作,反而還跑回家睡覺。)

 


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