文法解析
Part B
1. Where were you last night?  你昨晚到哪兒去了?

此處的were是be動詞are的過去式。

注意:

過去式是表示在過去時間所發生的事, 中英文在表示過去式時態時差別很大。中文�媟|用過去時間來表示, 動詞維持不變, 英文雖也用過去時間, 但動詞形態會改變。例如中文說:『我愛她。』和『我三年前很愛她。』, 動詞『愛』不改變, 但英文說: "I love her."和"I loved her three years ago.", 動詞由現在式love變成過去式loved。因此我們必須隨時注意, 以免犯下文法錯誤。

a. 不規則變化的be動詞:

 人稱        時態

現 在 式

過 去 式

第一人稱單數

I am…

I was…

第一人稱單數

We are…

We were…

第二人稱單數

You are…

You were…

第二人稱單數

You are…

You were…

第三人稱單數

He/She/It is…

He/She/It was…

第三人稱單數

They are…

They were…

 

b. 一般動詞的過去式分為規則和不規則變化:

  1) 規則變化──  原形動詞加-ed或-d, 或去y加-ied, 如下列:

現在式

過去式

 

want

→ wanted

(要)

look

play

→ looked

→ played

(看)

(玩)

like

hate

study

→ liked

→ hated

→ studied

(喜歡)

(討厭)

(讀書)

  2) 不規則變化──       見一個記一個

現在式

過去式

 

go

do

see

→ went

→ did

→ saw

(走)

(做)

(看)

feel

think

buy

→ felt

→ thought

→ bought

(感覺)

(想)

(買)

teach

catch

hold

→ taught

→ caught

→ held

(教)

(捉)

(握)

rise

sing

ride

→ rose

→ sang

→ rode

(升起)

(唱歌)

(騎)

drive

write

→ drove

→ wrote

(開、駕駛)

(寫)

tell

speak

take

→ told

→ spoke

→ took

(告訴)

(說)

(拿)

have → had

(有)

sell → sold (賣)

 

c. 過去式使用的時機:

  過去式是表過去所發生的事、動作或狀態, 通常和過去時間並用。

  例: I go to school every day. (現在式)

    (我每天去上學。)

    I went to school yesterday. (過去式)

    (我昨天去上學。)

 

d. 故本篇會話第一句"Where were you last night?"由於句尾的last night (昨晚) 是過去的時間, 因此be動詞不能用現在式are, 而須用過去式were。

 
2.

I was at the movies.  我在看電影。

be at the movies  在看電影

例: They are probably at the movies now.

  (他們現在很可能在看電影。)

3. It was fantastic.  它很棒。

=It was great.

=It was wonderful.

例: A: How was the party last night?

  B: It was fantastic; everyone had a great time.

  (甲:昨晚的派對如何?)

  (乙:棒極了,每個人都玩得很開心。)

  The main actor and actress really did a good job.

  (男女主角演得真是棒極了。)

 

a. main actor  男主角

=lead actor

main actress  女主角

=lead actress

例: Harrison Ford is the main actor in the movie.

  (哈里遜.福特是這部電影的男主角。)

 

b. do a good job  表現優異, 做得很好

=do (very) well

例: He did a good job in the speech contest.

 = He did very well in the speech contest.

  (他在演講比賽中表現優異。)

*contest n. 比賽, 競賽

4.

Sounds like it was a very good movie. 

聽起來好像是部很棒的電影。

Sounds like + 主詞 + 動詞  聽起來好像……

本句型原由"It sounds like + 主詞 + 動詞"省略而來。

例: A: What do you think of the singer's voice?

  B: Not very good. Sounds like he has a cold.

  (甲:你覺得這位歌手的聲音如何?)

  (乙:不太好,聽起來好像他感冒了。)

 

注意:

就文法而言, "sound like..."之中的like為介系詞, 之後只能接名詞作受詞, 不能接主詞和動詞; 若要接主詞和動詞, 則須改用"sound as if..." (聽起來彷彿……), 因為as if才是連接詞。但在現代英文中, 已把like視為介系詞, 之後接名詞作受詞, 又視之為連接詞, 之後接主詞和動詞。

例: It sounds like a good idea.

  (這聽起來像是個好主意。)

  He sounds as if he knows everything about it.

  = He sounds like he knows everything about it.

  (聽他的口氣彷彿他對這件事知道得一清二楚。)

5. You can say that again!  你說的一點也沒錯!

本句為贊同他人意見的用語,為極口語的用法。

例: A: Mary is very beautiful.

  B: You can say that again!

  (甲:瑪麗漂亮極了。)

  (乙:你說的一點也沒錯!)


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