I don't know anyone at this party.　宴會上的人我一個也不認識。

本句為以副詞not形成的否定句子結構。否定句均由肯定句變化而成, 有下列三種型態:

a. 句中有be動詞時, not置於該be動詞之後。

例: He is intelligent. (肯定)

　(他聰明。)

　He is not intelligent. (否定)

  = He isn't intelligent.

　(他不聰明。)

b. 句中有助動詞如can (能夠)、will (將要)、may (可以)、must (必須) 等時, not置於該助動詞之後。

例: He will come today. (肯定)

　(他今天會來。)

　He will not come today. (否定)

  = He won't come today.

　(他今天不會來。)

　The boy can sing. (肯定)

　(這男孩會唱歌。)

　The boy cannot sing. (否定)

  = The boy can't sing.

　(這男孩不會唱歌。)

＊ can與not並用時, 應寫成cannot而非can not, 但will、may、must等助動詞與not並用時, 則仍為will not、may not、must not。

c. 句中只有一般動詞而無be動詞或助動詞時, 應先在主詞之後按人稱變化分置助動詞do或does, 再加not, 原來的動詞均改為原形動詞。

例: She loves David. (肯定)

　(她愛大衛。)

此時主詞She為第三人稱單數代名詞, 故She之後應置does, 再加not, 然後將loves改為love, 即:

　She does not love David. (否定)

　= She doesn't love David.　

　她不愛大衛。

例: They like music. (肯定)

　(他們喜歡音樂。)

此時主詞They為第三人稱複數代名詞, 故They之後應置do, 再加not, like的原形仍為like, 即:

　They do not like music. (否定)

　= They don't like music.

　他們不喜歡音樂。

anyone/someone　　任何一個人/某個人

以上兩個代名詞分別等於anybody及somebody。anyone或anybody用於否定句或疑問句中, someone或somebody則用於肯定句中。

例: I don't know anybody in the classroom. (否定)

　(教室裡的人我都不認識。)

　There isn't anyone in the room. (否定)

　(房間裡一個人都沒有。)

　Does anyone know the answer? (疑問)

　(有人知道這答案嗎？)

　Can anybody do it? (疑問)

　(這件事有人會做嗎？)

　There is someone there. (肯定)

　(那裡有個人。)

　Somebody is talking to Mary. (肯定)

　(有人在跟瑪麗說話。)

不過anybody或anyone若作主詞時, 仍可用於肯定句中, 作強調的用法。

　例: Anybody can answer the question.

　(任何人都能回答這個問題。)

　If he can do it, anyone can.

　(他若能做這件事，那麼任何人都能夠做了。)