When you want to eat at a Western restaurant, you should first consider making a reservation.

當你想到西餐廳用餐時, 應該考慮先訂位。

If not, you risk having to wait for a long time for a table.

否則你就要冒上枯等桌位的風險。

They also consider picking one's teeth and putting on makeup at the table no-nos.

他們也認為在餐桌上剔牙和上妝簡直要不得。

以上三句中的making a reservation、having to wait...、picking one's teeth and putting on makeup分別作及物動詞consider及risk的受詞。

注意:

有些及物動詞之後只可接動名詞作受詞, 而不可接不定詞片語作受詞, 常見的如下:

　enjoy (喜歡)、deny (否認)、admit (承認)、avoid (避免)、consider (考慮)、practice (練習)、escape (逃避)、risk (冒險)、quit (禁止)、resent (討厭)、suggest (建/提議)、recommend (建議)、mind (在乎) 等。

例: Bill enjoys to read. (╳)

　 →Bill enjoys reading. (○)

　(比爾喜歡閱讀。)

　　Little Billy denies to break the vase. (╳)

　→Little Billy denies breaking the vase. (○)

　(小比利否認打破了花瓶。)

　　Little Henry admitted to steal my watch. (╳)

　→Little Henry admitted stealing my watch. (○)

　(小亨利承認偷了我的錶。)

　　We should avoid to judge a person by his appearance. (╳)

　→We should avoid judging a person by his appearance. (○)

　　(我們應該避免以貌取人。)

　　Sarah practices to play the guitar two hours a day. (╳)

　→Sarah practices playing the guitar two hours a day. (○)

　　(莎拉每天都練習彈吉他兩個小時。)

　　The brave young man risked to lose his own life to save the drowning girl. (╳)

　→The brave young man risked losing his own life to save the drowning girl. (○)

　　(那個勇敢的年輕人冒著生命危險去救那溺水的女孩。)

　　Peter quit to smoke two years ago. (╳)

　→Peter quit smoking two years ago. (○)

　　(彼得兩年前戒煙了。)

　　Would you mind to open the door for me? (╳)

　→Would you mind opening the door for me? (○)

　 　(你介意幫我開個門嗎？)

Westerners find eating soup this way most unpleasant.

西方人覺得這麼喝湯令人非常不愉快。

在上列句中, find是不完全及物動詞, eating soup是受詞, (in) this way是副詞片語, 修飾eating, 而most unpleasant則是形容詞, 作受詞補語。

　所謂不完全及物動詞就是此類動詞加了受詞後, 意思並不完整, 而須在受詞之後另置形容詞或名詞以補充其意思的不足。此時該形容詞或名詞就稱為受詞補語。

a. find可作完全及物動詞, 亦可作不完全及物動詞。

find作完全及物動詞時, 其後只須加受詞便可使句意完整, 此時find譯成『發現、找到』, 之後可接名詞、代名詞或名詞子句作受詞。

例: The police found the lost child.

                        名詞

　　(警方找到了那名失蹤的小孩。)

　　I found that Tom was a hypocrite.

          名詞子句

　　(我發現湯姆是個偽君子。)

　　＊hypocrite n. 偽善者, 偽君子

find作不完全及物動詞時, 其後可用名詞、代名詞或動名詞作受詞, 再接形容詞或名詞作受詞補語, 此時find譯成『發現/覺得……是……』。

例: I        found      the businessman dishonest.

　　不完全及物動詞     受詞     　　受詞補語

　(我發現那個商人不誠實。)

　　I           find               him a good salesman.

　　　不完全及物動詞     受詞    受詞補語

　(我發現他是個很不錯的推銷員。)

　　Tony         finds         mountain hiking interesting.

               　不完全及物動詞        受詞      受詞補語

　　(東尼發現爬山很好玩。)

注意:

find作不完全及物動詞時, 可直接以名詞或動名詞作受詞, 再接補語;但不可直接用不定詞片語 (to + 原形動詞) 作受詞, 而要先用虛受詞it取代, 加了補語後, 再接不定詞片語, 此不定詞片語才是真受詞。句型如下:

find it + 受詞補語 (形容詞/名詞) + 不定詞片語 (to + 原形動詞)

例: I found to work at a record company exciting. (╳)

      　　　不定詞片語作受詞           受詞補語

　→I found it exciting to work at a record company. (○)

         　虛受詞                     真受詞

　(我覺得在唱片公司工作很令人興奮。)

　Billy found to baby-sit his sister all day a bore. (╳)

                        不定詞片語作受詞        受詞補語

　→Billy found it a bore to baby-sit his sister all day. (○)

                　　 　　　　　　虛受詞         真受詞

　(比利覺得整天看顧他妹妹很無聊。)

由於find可作完全及物動詞, 其後接that (可省略) 引導的名詞子句作受詞, 故上列兩句亦可寫成:

　I found (that) it was exciting to work at a record company.

　Billy found (that) it was a bore to baby-sit his sister all day.

b. think、consider、believe等亦可作不完全及物動詞, think、consider譯成『認為……是……』, believe譯成『相信/認為……是……』。

例: I think her a good teacher.

　(我認為她是個好老師。)

　I consider him generous.

　(我認為他很慷慨。)

　We believe him trustworthy.

　(我們相信他值得信賴。)

如同find一樣, think、consider、believe作不完全及物動詞時, 其後不得直接以不定詞片語作受詞, 而要先用虛受詞it取代, 加了受詞補語後, 再接此不定詞片語。

例: Nancy thinks it strange to ask a boy out on a date.

                   虛受詞                         真受詞

　　(南西認為開口邀男孩子約會很奇怪。)

　　I don't consider it polite to burp in front of others.

                       虛受詞                     真受詞

　　(我認為在別人面前打嗝是件不禮貌的事。)

　　＊burp vi. (口語) 打嗝

　　I believe it healthful to go swimming.

             虛受詞                    真受詞

　　(我相信游泳有益健康。)

由於think、consider、believe亦可作完全及物動詞, 其後以that (可省略) 引導的名詞子句作受詞, 故上列例句亦可寫成:

　Nancy thinks (that) it is strange to ask a boy out on a date.

　I don't consider (that) it is polite to burp in front of others.

　I believe (that) it is healthful to go swimming.