副詞連接詞when (當) 和while (在……的時候) 引導副詞子句時, 若此副詞子句之主詞與主要子句中之主詞相同時, 則此副詞子句可化簡為副詞片語。其化簡法則如下:
a.去掉副詞子句之主詞;
b.其後動詞化為現在分詞;
c.若動詞為be動詞 (如: is、am、was...) 時, 則在變成現在分
詞being後通常予以省略。
例:When I am rich, I will buy a car.
being
→ When being rich, I will buy a car.
→ When rich, I will buy a car.
(我有錢時會買部車子。)
When I swim, I never stay in the water for too long.
swimming
→ When swimming, I never stay in the water for too long.
(游泳時,我從不會在水中待太久。)
While I was in Paris, I had a great time.
being
→ While being in Paris, I had a great time.
→While in Paris, I had a great time.
(我在巴黎時玩得很愉快。)
While you drive, you should never drink.
driving
→ While driving, you should never drink.
(開車時你絕不可喝酒。)
注意:
if (如果)、unless (除非)、once (一……就……) 及(al)though (雖然) 等四個副詞連接詞引導的副詞子句中, 其主詞若與主要子句中之主詞相同, 且主詞後為『be動詞 + 形容詞/過去分詞』時, 則此副詞子句亦可化簡為副詞片語, 且be動詞在化為現在分詞being後一律予以省略。
例:If it is too greasy, it can't be called health food.
(being)
→ If too greasy, it can't be called health food.
(如果太油膩的話,就不能叫作健康食品。)
Unless you are instructed, you should not try this
(being)
experiment by yourself.
→ Unless instructed, you should not try this experiment by
yourself.
(除非有人指導,否則你不應該自己嘗試這項實驗。)
Once he was rejected by the girl, Willie decided never to
(being)
ask her out again.
→ Once rejected by the girl, Willie decided never to ask her
out again.
(威利一被那個女孩拒絕就決定永遠不再邀她外出。)
Though he was reluctant, he still went to the party.
(being)
→ Though reluctant, he still went to the party.
(雖然不情願,他還是去了那個派對。)
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