文法解析
本課旨在複習不定詞片語作副詞的用法
1.

Some people eat to live, but there are others who live to eat.

有些人吃東西為的是要生存, 但也有些人生存為的是要吃東西。

*上列句中的劃線部份to liveto eat皆為不定詞片語 (即『虛詞to + 原形動詞』所形成的片語), 在句中皆作副詞, 分別修飾之前的動詞eatlive

2.

不定詞片語作副詞時, 可置於句首或句尾, 用以表示目的, 相當於中文的『為了要……』。該片語置於句首時, 片語之後應置逗點; 但該片語置於句尾時, 之前則不可置逗點。

a. 置於句首:

 : To catch the train John got up early. ()

  →To catch the train, John got up early. ()

    (為了趕火車, 約翰很早就起床。)

 b. 置於句尾:

 : John got up early, to catch the train. ()

  →John got up early to catch the train. ()

    (約翰早起是為了要趕火車。)

 

3.

表示目的的不定詞片語亦可用下列片語取代: 

to + 原形動詞  為了要……

 =in order to + 原形動詞

 =so as to + 原形動詞

 : He got up early to catch the train.

  = He got up early in order to catch the train.

  = He got up early so as to catch the train.

   (他早起是為了要趕火車。)

一如不定詞片語, in order to所引導的片語亦可置於句首, 之後置逗點。但so as to引導的片語則通常只置於句尾, 而不置於句首。故上列各句可改寫如下:

 To catch the train, he got up early.

= In order to catch the train, he got up early.

= So as to catch the train, he got up early. ()

 

4.

To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.

=We must learn to have a balanced diet to live a long and healthy life.

為了要過著長壽而又健康的生活, 我們必須懂得吃均衡的飲食。

 live a...life  過著……的生活

 =lead a...life

live可作不及物動詞, 作『居住』解, 之後接表示場所的介詞片語或副詞 (therehere)

 : They live the city. ()

  →They live in the city. ()

                介詞片語

   (他們住在城市裡。)

   He used to live there. ()

                    副詞

   (他以前住在那兒。)

live亦可作及物動詞, 表示『過 (某種) 生活』的意思, 此時, 只能用life (生活)作其受詞。

 : They lived a happy life.

  = They led a happy life.

   (他們過著快樂的生活。)

 


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