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關係副詞共有四個: when、where、why、how。
a. where用以修飾表地方的名詞。
例: That's the town where I was born.
(那就是我出生的小鎮。)
b. when用以修飾表時間的名詞。
例: Next Saturday is the day when I am scheduled to leave for America.
(下星期六是我預定前往美國的日子。)
c. why只用以修飾the reason (理由)。
例: James was always late for work. That's the reason why he was fired.
(詹姆士上班老是遲到。那就是他被開除的原因。)
d. how只用以修飾the way (方式、方法), 但使用時, the way之後的how一定要省略, 如不省略反而會成為贅述。
例: I work two jobs. That's the way I make ends meet.
= I work two jobs. That's how I make ends meet.
(我兼了兩份工作。那就是我使收支平衡的方法。)
然而實際運用關係副詞時, 在限定修飾 (即形容詞子句之前無逗點) 的句構中, when、why均可省略; 而how則非省略不可; where則不可省略。
例: That's the place where he grew up.
(那就是他成長的地方。)
I shall never forget the day when I first met her.
=I shall never forget the day I first met her.
(我永遠也不會忘記我初次遇見她的那一天。)
Nobody knows the reason why she quit her job.
= Nobody knows the reason she quit her job.
(沒有人知道她辭去工作的原因。)
That's the way how he treats his friends. (╳)
→That's the way he treats his friends. (○)
(那就是他的待友之道。)
不過where、when、why及how所修飾的名詞若置於be動詞之後作主詞補語時, 我們亦可省略該名詞, 而保留關係副詞。
例: That's the place where we first met each other.
= That's where we first met each other.
(那就是我倆初次見面的地方。)
That's the day when my son graduated from college.
= That's when my son graduated from college.
(那就是我兒子大學畢業的那天。)
That's the reason why I am angry.
= That's why I am angry.
(那就是我生氣的原因。)
That's the way Carl makes tea.
= That's how Carl makes tea.
(那就是卡爾泡茶的方法。) |
