|
|
 |
| 文法解析 |
 |
| 本課主要複習副詞子句化簡為副詞片語的用法, 並介紹一些表探險、旅遊、旅程的名詞與介詞on並用的用法, 和表身體組織的名詞可變成過去分詞作形容詞的用法, 以及名詞people的用法。 |
| 1. |
While on an expedition in western China twenty years ago, some explorers discovered the mummies of a tall, red-haired people.
= While they were on an expedition in western China twenty years ago, some explorers discovered the mummies of a tall, red-haired people.
二十年前在中國西部探險時, 一些探險家發現了身材高大的紅髮民族的木乃伊。
|
Though estimated to be nearly 4,000 years old, the corpses were quite well preserved.
= Though the corpses were estimated to be nearly 4,000 years old, the corpses were quite well preserved.
雖然這些屍體據估計將近有四千年歷史之久, 但它們仍保存得相當好。
|
|
上列句中, 劃線部分分別為副詞連接詞while及though引導的副詞片語, 用來修飾其後整個主要子句。
我們在Lesson 77已提過, 副詞連接詞while (在……的時候) 和when (當) 引導的副詞子句中之主詞與主要子句中之主詞相同時, 則此副詞子句可化簡為副詞片語; 而though/although (雖然)、if (如果)、unless (除非) 及once (一……就……) 等四個副詞連接詞引導的副詞子句中之主詞與主要子句之主詞相同, 且主詞後為『be動詞 + 形容詞/過去分詞』時, 則此副詞子句亦可化簡為副詞片語。其化簡法則如下:
|
|
b. 其後動詞化為現在分詞;
c. 若動詞為be動詞時, 則在變成現在分詞being後通常予以省
略; 但在 though/although、if、nless、once引導的句構中,
則being一律予以省略。
例: While I watch TV, I like to eat snacks.
watching
→ While watching TV, I like to eat snacks.
(我看電視時喜歡吃零食。)
When Dad works, Dad is always very serious.
working
→ When working, Dad is always very serious.
(工作時，老爸總是很認真。)
Though Aaron is young, Aaron is very mature.
(being)
→ Though young, Aaron is very mature.
(艾倫年紀雖輕卻很成熟。)
Once John is bored, John becomes very restless.
(being)
→ Once bored, John becomes very restless.
(約翰一無聊就會變得非常浮躁不安。)
|
| 2. |
on an expedition 探險 |
|
注意:
凡表『探險』、『旅遊』、『旅程』等名詞, 以及表持續性或時間性的任務或動作時, 通常均與介詞on並用。如:
on an expedition 探險
on an excursion 遠足
on a journey 旅行
on a trip 旅行
on an outing 出遊
on a picnic 野餐
on a mission 執行任務
on duty 值/上班
on errands/an errand 跑/辦差事
例: The Chens went on a trip to Guam.
(陳家人到關島旅行了。)
The secret agent almost got killed on a mission in that
country.
(那名情報員在該國出任務時差點遇害身亡。)
The policeman never drinks on duty.
(那位警察值勤時從不喝酒。)
|
| 3. |
red-haired a. 紅髮的 |
注意:
表示身體組織的名詞可變成過去分詞作形容詞用, 如:
red-haired (紅髮的)、big-eyed (大眼睛的)、one-legged (獨腿的)、two-headed (雙頭的)、black-skinned (黑皮膚的)、barefooted (赤腳的)、brokenhearted (心碎的) 等。
例: When Cantonese people say you are a two-headed
snake,they mean you are insincere.
(當廣東人說你是條雙頭蛇時，他們的意思就是你很不真誠
。)
The performer walked barefooted on burning charcoal.
(那位表演者赤腳走在燃燒的木炭上。)
＊charcoal n. 木炭
|
| 4. |
people n. 種族, 民族; 人民, 人們 |
|
注意:
people表『種族、民族』時, 為可數名詞, 其前可置a或用複數加-s, 表『一個或數個民族』; 但people表『人民、人們』時, 則視為複數, 其前不可置a或用複數加-s。
例: The Filipinos are a warm-hearted people.
(菲律賓人是個很熱情的民族。)
＊Filipino n. 菲律賓人
The people in my neighborhood are very friendly.
(我社區裡的人都很友善。)
|
| |
|
|
  |
|
 |
